Moreover, HS1 was identified as a prognostic marker in CLL (Scielzo et al., 2005) depending on its activation status; active/inactive forms correlate with favorable or adverse prognosis, respectively (Yamanashi et al., 1993, 1997; Scielzo et al., 2010). Here, HCLS1 is linked to B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.