IRF1 and cancer: The anti-tumorigenic role of interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) has been reported in several types of cancer, by regulating genes related to PD-L1, DNA damage, apoptosis, and lymphocyte differentiation, also interacting multiple signaling pathways (Forero et al., 2019; Huang et al., 2019; Ohsugi et al., 2019; Wu et al., 2020).