In contrast to the transient nature of STAT3 activation in normal cells, the constitutive or aberrant activation of STAT3 signaling has been found in a wide-range of human cancers in which STAT3 promotes cell proliferation, anti-apoptosis, metastasis, angiogenesis, immune evasion and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy (17–19). The gene discussed is STAT3; the disease is cancer.