Although the adj ptest value of LOXL1, as the only candidate marker of RAA associated with AF in this study, is greater than 0.05, it plays a key role in extracellular matrix homeostasis and remodeling, family members of which participate in heart failure, myocardial infarction, cardiac hypertrophy, dilated cardiomyopathy, and AF (Philp et al., 2018; Rodriguez and Martinez-Gonzalez, 2019). Here, LOXL1 is linked to cardiac hypertrophy.