Evidence in murine models indicates that the early recognition of S. Typhimurium infection (<36 h post-infection) (Broz, 2014) generates the activation of NAIP 1–6 proteins, NLRC4 inflammasome, and caspase-1, which restrict this replicative niche due to the expulsion of the infected IECs from the mucosa (Sellin et al., 2014). The gene discussed is CASP1; the disease is infection.