TXNIP and Parkinson disease: Finally, our study highlights that intrastriatal αSynPFF injection, triggers microglial ERS and upregulation of the TXNIP/NLRP3 signaling axis are evidenced in the SN prior to late-stage nigral DAergic neurodegeneration providing further support for the significance of early induction of microglial ERS and TXNIP/NLRP3 signaling as an upstream instigating factor promoting PD-like pathology.