To date, the AD triggering mechanism is not fully understood, with the exception of genetic mutations causing familial AD where the E693G mutation (hereafter referred to as Arctic mutation) of the APP protein is one of the most severe, due to the rapid aggregation of mutant amyloid-β peptides in the brain (Nilsberth et al., 2001; Norlin et al., 2012; Mendez, 2017). The gene discussed is APP; the disease is Alzheimer disease.