In the EURODIAB study MMP2, MMP3, MMP10 and TIMP1 were higher in PDR patients with adjustment for age, sex, duration of DM and HbA1c; however, when these results were further corrected for CVD and albuminuria, only the MMP2 changes remained significant (Peeters et al., 2015). This evidence concerns the gene TIMP1 and diabetes mellitus.