Another explanation might be, similar as in cancer, that obesity increases the expression of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD‐1) and programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) on Tem cells inducing T cell exhaustion and thus reducing Tem cell responsiveness,148 which by extension potentially diminishes long‐term protection against re‐infections. Here, PDCD1 is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.