CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Besides the high antitumor efficacy of ICIs, as exemplified by an unprecedented 5-year survival rate of 32% for stage IV patients with PD-L1 high-expressing NSCLC receiving first-line pembrolizumab monotherapy (5), these drugs can also alter the physiology of immune responses, leading to toxicity collectively described as “immune-related adverse events” (irAEs), which can affect diverse organs and complicate patient management (6).