Previous studies have confirmed that high tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were associated with response to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in patients with breast cancer and a quantitative evaluation of TILs is important for any PD-L1 assay evaluation especially for breast cancer (Duchnowska et al., 2016; Hendry et al., 2017; Gonzalez-Ericsson et al., 2020). Here, CD274 is linked to breast cancer.