VEGFA and neoplasm: As indicated, despite the tumor-promoting effects of many growth factors and peptides (Gwyer et al., 2019; Sikiric et al., 2018), BPC 157 has been shown to inhibit and counteract uncontrolled cell proliferation (Ki-67 overproduction counteracted) and increased expression of VEGF and subsequent signaling pathways (Radeljak et al., 2004; Sever et al., 2019), thus avoiding and directly counteracting VEGF tumorigenesis (Radeljak et al., 2004).