There were no significant differences between the groups in the Δ of CXCR4+ or CXCR7+ HPC and EPC phenotypes (p > 0.05), other than for CD34+VEGFR2+CXCR4+ EPCs, where the mobilization in the type 1 diabetes group was 42% lower compared to controls (126 ± 242 Δ cells/mL vs. 218 ± 217 Δ cells/mL, p = 0.040). This evidence concerns the gene CXCR4 and type 1 diabetes mellitus.