IGF1 and polycystic ovary syndrome: To explore the mechanism of NEAT1/miR-381/IGF1 axis in PCOS, we applied Pearson test to analyze the relationship between NEAT1 and miR-381 expression, as well as that between miR-381 and IGF1 expression in PCOS, and the results showed (Fig. 1F, G) that in ovarian granulosa cells of patients with PCOS, NEAT1 expression was negatively correlated with miR-381 expression (r = − 0.68, P < 0.01), and miR-381 expression was negatively correlated with IGF1 expression (r = − 0.73, P < 0.01).