More importantly, NRP-1-targeted RGE-conjugated EVs have been documented to facilitate diagnosis and therapy of glioma, both in vitro and in vivo [16], which is in line with our finding that active targeting of ICG/PTX@RGE-EV in glioma was achieved by RGE-peptide specific targeting of NRP-1. This evidence concerns the gene NRP1 and glioma.