In contrast, a recent study had demonstrated that gut bacteria such as Actinobacteria, Bifidobacterium, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii were significantly decreased in IBS patients throughout a 9-week low-FODMAP diet along with a reduction in total SCFAs, n-butyric acid, and serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-8) as compared to baseline [44]. Here, CXCL8 is linked to irritable bowel syndrome.