TGFB1 and gastric cancer: To investigate whether GAL-1/LGALS1 promotes GC invasion and migration by activating TGF-β/Smad signaling, ITD1, a specific antagonist of TGF-β/Smad signaling was employed to investigate the relationship between the induction of GC cell migration and invasion by GAL-1 and TGF-β/Smad pathway activation.