NOX4 and glioblastoma: Besides, by applying qPCR (Figure 1(b)), western blot (Figure 1(c), Fig. S1(a)), and immunochemistry (Figure 1(d)) on samples with different pathologic grades obtained from patients in Shandong Provincial Hospital, we found that compared with normal brain and LGG tissues, TGF-β1 and NOX4 mRNA and protein expression levels in GBM tissues were significantly higher.