CHI3L1 and neoplasm: Especially, the expression levels of Cas-3, Bax, Bcl-2 and MAPK signaling pathway members were analyzed in Western blot for determining apoptosis-associated process, NK-κB and IκB-α (for NK-κB signaling pathway), PI3K, AKT, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and chitinase-3-like protein 1 (Chi3L1) (for PI3K/AKT mediated cell migration ability), and p53, p27 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) (for tumor suppression).