SP1 and esophageal cancer: Our review revealed that SP1 showed a higher level in pancreatic cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, breast cancer, osteosarcomas, esophageal cancer and gastric cancer (OR = 0.15; 95% CI: 0.08-0.31; p < 0.05), and lower SP1 was detrimental to lymph node migration (OR = 0.42; 95% CI: 0.28-0.64; p < 0.05), advance of TNM stage (OR = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.20-0.57; p < 0.05) and exacerbation of infiltration (OR = 0.33; 95% CI: 0.18-0.60; p < 0.05).