We found that most cancer signaling pathways tended to show a positive correlation (Fig. 2i) and that there were significant correlations in signaling pathways between organoids and primary tissues, including the WNT/β-catenin, TP53, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, and unfolded protein response signaling pathways (Fig. 2j). This evidence concerns the gene TP53 and cancer.