Western diet has also been shown to induce epigenetic reprogramming in BM progenitor cells, leading to an inflammasome-mediated trained immunity, implicating IL-1β signaling pathways in trained immunity.56 Given that IL-1β mediates multiple pathological processes in diabetes,44 we examined whether IL-1β would augment the effects of high glucose in the development of trained immunity. Here, IL1B is linked to diabetes mellitus.