They validate this system on colorectal, pancreas, lung, biliary and primary CNS cancers and show that tumour‐infiltrating lymphocytes constituted the full T‐cell receptor spectrum of the original tumour, and further that treatment with anti‐PD‐1 and anti‐PD‐L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors resulted in the expected tumour cytotoxicity (Neal et al, 2018). This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and neoplasm.