It has been shown that when non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)-derived cell lines harboring EGFR-oncogenic mutations are exposed to EGFR TKis like Erlotinib, populations of AXL-positive/Erlotinib-resistant cells emerge with features similar to those observed in tumors that have developed Erlotinib treatment resistance in patients (Zhang et al., 2012). The gene discussed is AXL; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.