In the discovery cohort, the IGF-1 levels decreased in NAFL (109.95 ± 16.55 ng/ml) and NASH (113.19 ± 17.39 ng/ml) when compared to non-obese controls (167.42 ± 17.55 ng/ml), although not significantly. The gene discussed is IGF1; the disease is non-alcoholic fatty liver.