Preliminary observations from our own studies, using M-CSF driven primary monocyte derived CD163+CD206+ Mφs (Table 1) (MDMs) from healthy donors, suggest that M2-like Mφs protect U937 and THP-1 AML cell lines from daunorubicin-induced apoptosis (Williams et al., 2020). This evidence concerns the gene CD163 and acute myeloid leukemia.