This first part of this study serves as a proof-of-concept that demonstrates the possibility of modulating the inflammatory response caused by L. braziliensis using oral tolerance induced by recombinant L. lactis. Interestingly, the pre-infection administration of PAM3CSK4, a potent inflammatory agent known to promote a pronounced innate immune response (37, 38), triggered and accelerated the anti-inflammatory responses induced by Hsp65, which resulted in significantly decreased lesion severity. This evidence concerns the gene HSPD1 and infection.