Accordingly, the adaptive and innate immune responses in individuals with DS are aberrant at multiple levels, including cellular anomalies (15–20), reduced humoral response (21), elevated interferon (IFN) signaling (10, 22), and altered toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling (23), along with accelerated aging of the immune system (24) (Figure 1). The gene discussed is IFNA1; the disease is Dravet syndrome.