In addition, ipilimumab (anti-CTLA-4) in conjunction with bevacizumab (anti-VEGF) therapy significantly upregulated adhesion molecules, such as CD31, E-selectin, and VCAM-1, on intratumoral endothelial cells in metastatic melanoma patients, while promoting adhesion of activated T cells to tumor-associated endothelial cells [38]. The gene discussed is CTLA4; the disease is neoplasm.