HOXB9 and CSC markers were simultaneously overexpressed in human refractory PCa tissues, compared with low-grade PCa, para-carcinoma, and initial PCa tissues implying the involvement of HOXB9 signalling’s involvement in ALDH+CD44+CXCR4+CD24+-PCa cell-rendered castration resistance. Here, CXCR4 is linked to posterior cortical atrophy.