However, the abnormal function of LRRK2, GBA, SNCA, PARK2, PARK6, and PARK7 genes has been linked to alteration in innate and adaptive immune responses in cancer, stroke, diabetes, male infertility, Crohn's disease, and infectious diseases (59, 96–98, 125, 127–133, 237–245, 290, 297, 298, 306–309). Here, PRKN is linked to male infertility.