PKM and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma: We first identified differential expression of hub genes related to glycolysis signaling pathway, including HK1-3, LDHA-C, SLC2A1-4, PKM, G6PC and PFKFB3, between ccRCC tissue and adjacent normal tissues were compared in 533 ccRCC patients from TCGA cohort (Figure 1A). It suggested that hexokinases (HKs) family were highly expressed in tumor samples compared with normal samples.