As shown in Fig. 3, Suv39H1-siRNA attenuated glucose-induced increase in Rac1. Our previous work has shown that in diabetes, the binding of transcriptional factor NF-kB at Rac1 promoter is increased in the retinal vasculature and due to dynamic DNA methylation-hydroxymethylation, 5hmC levels are also increased significantly12. Here, RAC1 is linked to diabetes mellitus.