In addition, miR-378 negatively regulates nuclear respiratory factor-1 (NRF-1), AMP-activated protein kinase γ2 (AMPKγ2), and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), inhibits energy metabolism processes, and activates the NF-κB-TNFα pathway, which may be related to SIRS and sepsis42–44. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and systemic inflammatory response syndrome.