In contrast, infection with the K287T virus produced TIAR-positive granules in the cytoplasm of 60.0 ± 7.8% and 58.2 ± 6.6% of WT and RNase L KO cells, respectively (Fig 6A), indicating that the granules formed independently of RNase L. However, 8.9 ± 5.4% of K287T-infected PKR KO cells contained TIAR-positive granules, indicating that formation of most granules was PKR-dependent, while some granules formed independently of PKR and were likely RLBs. This evidence concerns the gene TIAL1 and infection.