By 2045, therewill be 700 million patients with diabetes.1 This epidemic is predominantly caused by a rise in the prevalenceof type 2 diabetes (T2D), a complex disorder that is characterizedby pancreatic β-cell failure with up to 50% cell loss at diagnosiscoupled with impaired insulin sensitivity of target tissues, termedinsulin resistance (IR). This evidence concerns the gene INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus.