Evidence also suggests a role of TLR4 in neuropsychiatric diseases (García Bueno et al. 2016) and supports TLR4 signaling in stress-induced depression-like behaviors (Medina-Rodríguez et al. 2020; Zhang et al. 2020) and ethanol-induced long-lasting cognitive dysfunctions (Montesinos et al. 2015) that likely confer a risk of dementia in AUD patients (Crews et al. 2011). This evidence concerns the gene TLR4 and major depressive disorder.