NR1H4 and cholestasis: SHP, whose expression is strongly induced by FXR, acts as a co-repressor at the promoter of FXR target genes and has also been shown to prevent binding of AP1 and p65 to promoters of inflammatory genes and to inhibit lncRNA H19, which induces expression of pro-inflammatory mediators Il-4 and Il-27 in models of cholestasis.