PFN1 and cancer: However, given that Pfn1 influences distinct cancer phenotypes including proliferation, metastasis, and survival upon chemotherapy treatments (Zou et al., 2010; Yao et al., 2013; Zaidi et al., 2016), it remains unclear whether these activities stem from the same or different subcellular locations and whether there are additional regulatory mechanisms besides exportin-6-dependent nuclear export.