To the best of our knowledge, both LF-1 and LF-2 demonstrated the most potent antibacterial and antibiofilm activity against dental caries among lactotransferrin and its derived peptides [17,39,40], corroborating the feasibility of our strategy regarding the rational extraction and modification of a functional sequence from existing caries-associated proteins and peptides. The gene discussed is LTF; the disease is dental caries.