Expression of the lncRNA E33 was upregulated in macrophages from db/db mice, and high-fat diet (HFD) plus streptozotocin (STZ) induced T2D mice but not in STZ-induced type 1 diabetic (T1D) mice, suggesting a T2D disease-specific regulation of lncRNA E33 (49). Here, NDUFAF3 is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.