Furthermore, lentiviral-based knockdown of MIAT in diabetic animals improved cardiac ejection fraction, decreased inflammatory cytokines (IL-17, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF- α) and fibrotic markers (collagen I and III) in heart tissue (left ventricle), inhibited apoptosis, and ameliorated DCM (63, 103). This evidence concerns the gene TNF and familial dilated cardiomyopathy.