TGFB1 and liver dysplastic nodule: In recent years, multiple HG- and/or TGF-β1-induced lncRNAs have been shown to regulate genes associated with renal function, fibrosis, apoptosis, autophagy, inflammation, and ER stress in key affected renal cells like mesangial cells, tubular epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and podocytes, and therefore implicated in DN (18) (Table 1 and Figure 5).