NFATC1 and breast carcinoma: Likewise, NFAT1 ex vivo studies have suggested that NFAT1 has a non-redundant function in the invasive properties of breast carcinoma cell lines [22] while, in mice, the tumorigenic/metastatic potential of mammary tumor cells rather depends upon non redundant functions of NFAT1 and NFAT2 [23].