IFNB1 and Parkinson disease: Consistent with these results, by GSEA of a neuronal microarray (GSE63815) from our Ifnb-deficient PD mouse model [9], the cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction pathway was significantly dysregulated between Ifnb+/+ neurons, Ifnb–/– neurons, and Ifnb+/+ neurons that were treated with recombinant interferon-beta (rIFN-β), as confirmed in untreated versus rIFN-β-treated Ifnb–/– neurons (Supplementary Table 1e–g).