To determine whether CES1 copy numbers were associated with specific clinical parameters of NAFLD, we compared the difference in cases between the CNVs and the AST, ALT, GGT, TC, TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C values; however, we did not find any significant differences between the clinical parameters and CES1 CNVs (Table 3). Here, CES1 is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.