XIAP and Stroke: In addition to the NLRP3 inflammasome, stroke is also associated with the NLRP1 inflammatory inflammasome, which is composed of NLRP1, caspase-1, ASC, and X chromosome-linked inhibitor-of-apoptosis protein (XIAP), which is an inhibitor of apoptotic signaling [1, 6, 9, 10, 33] XIAP within the NLRP1 inflammasome may inhibit the activation and processing of IL-1β and IL-18 by inhibiting caspase-1 activity.