STZ induced DM in Non-TG rats upregulated the levels of TGFβ1 and significantly (p<0.01) increased its downstream transcription activator p-stat3; in the TG rats the DM caused an exaggerated upregulation of TGFβ1 and p-Stat3 (p<0.01) (Figure 6). Here, STAT3 is linked to diabetes mellitus.