In comparison to these responses in humans surviving naturally acquired O139 cholera, we were able to detect low-level IgM responses only to O139 OSP-core (native) and not to any synthetic or related preparations of O139 saccharides, and we detected no IgA or IgG responses to any O139 antigen in recipients of WC-O1/O139. The gene discussed is CD40LG; the disease is vibrio infectious disease.