In particular, the most compelling LVS-associated T-cell subpopulation that expanded in the context of lymphopenia was the non-naive (non-CD45RA+CD27+) CD8+ T subset expressing an activation/exhaustion phenotype characterized by early and sustained expression of PD-1 (Fig. 4B), Eomes, Granzyme B, TCF-1 including the pro-apoptotic marker CD95-L (FasL) (Fig. 4C, D, left panel). This evidence concerns the gene GZMB and lymphopenia.