XIAP and uterine cancer: Furthermore, the IL-6 autocrine loop upregulated expressions of anti-apoptotic genes, such as Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and XIAP, and drug resistance genes, such as MDR-1 and GSTpi, accompanied by the activation of the Ras/MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways in uterine cancer cells37.