NTF3 and ischemia: In addition to its role in neural development, ProK2 has well-documented actions as neurotrophic factor for dopaminergic neurons, where it protects against oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and degeneration.54 Other studies using models of cerebellar excitotoxicity and ischemia show that ProK2 is neuroprotective.55,56 Fate mapping studies have shown that cells migrate from the SVZ to the injured cortex after TBI.